Search all collections, browse by collection or search within individual collections. April 27, 2020. Secondary Source: A lady shaping a metal knee splint on the Kensington War Hospital provide depot, November 1917. A research guide to primary and secondary sources for military history. After the armistice of 1918, Germany was forced to sign the Versailles Treaty . 2 "We lived a mean and impoverished sort of existence in lousy scratchy holes," recalled British soldier George Coppard in his memoir. This collection contains over 2000 images taken from January 1943 to November 1945. Database concepts include conflicts, politics, cultures, religions, and much more to easily guide students through research. The euthanasia killings and executions were sources of bodies for research, and the extent that this happened and research conducted before and after the end of the war is still being documented. The Second World War changed the United States for women, and women in turn transformed their nation. Over three hundred fifty thousand women volunteered for military service, while twenty times as many stepped into civilian jobs, including positions previously closed to them. A digital library of primary sources in American social history from the antebellum period through reconstruction. Provides lists of ships, Naval Intelligence Combat Narratives, U.S. In order to meet the wartime need for nurses to care for the military personnel and civilians, a major recruiting campaign started after Pearl Harbor. Over 1.8 million became casualties. Avalon Project: WWII. The primary sources in this collection demonstrate . T his site is linked from. Sometimes this is called a first-hand account. Within 10 minutes, 160 tons of chlorine gas drifted over the opposing French trenches, engulfing all those downwind. They provide eyewitness accounts to events. 2) Primary sources can be scholarly/peer-reviewed or not. But by February 2, 1943, when the Germans trapped in the . Medieval Germany. Germany Divided and Reunified. The documents are comprised of letters, legal proceedings, military orders, financial papers and archaeological images relating to Native Americans in the Southeast. The medical facilities at the fort included several departments that pioneered new treatment strategies and new technology that were designed to tailor to the needs of the victims of this modern war. Renaissance, Reformation and Early Modern Germany. more than 170 unique titles related to African American life and culture and approximately 60,000 pages of searchable primary source content. Treaties between the United States and Native Americans. But presently, according to these doctors, those who had suffered only small burns found their appetite failing, their hair falling out, their gums bleeding. Secondary Sources. Within the constraints of the Nazi system, the possibilities of providing proper medical care to those in need were severely limited. Within the constraints of the Nazi system, the possibilities of providing proper medical care to those in need were severely limited. It involved the vast majority of the world's countriesincluding all of the great powersforming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.In a total war directly involving more than 100 million personnel from more than 30 countries, the major . Task 1: Getting started. Gun Shot Wounds Primary Source. They were then forced into the testing of the affected areas. More than seven million women who had not been wage earners before the war joined eleven million women already in the . As early as the first winter of the war there were indications of a high level of mental breakdown among hospitalised men and officers. . With authoritative content and powerful search technologies, this platform has been thoughtfully designed to help students and researchers examine literary, political, and social culture of the last 500 years . Manuscripts were written by German officers about their wartime experiences. The Red Cross Nursing Service composed over 90% of the nurses serving in the military during World War II at home and overseas. Australian Army Medical Women's Service - Government recruitment brochure. This war is a pivotal event in human history. IN THE LATE AFTERNOON OF April 22, 1915, members of a special unit of the German Army opened the valves on more than 6000 steel cylinders arrayed in trenches along their defensive perimeter at Ypres, Belgium. Hospitals were set up shortly thereafter in Tokyo to care for the last battle casualties and the many POWs in dire need of medical treatment. 2. More than four million combatants fought in the gargantuan struggle at Stalingrad between the Nazi and Soviet armies. Trench warfare protected one's body from damage . Service clubs overseas offered a range of services to the armed forces including meals, recreational activities, overnight accommodations, barbershops, and laundry. Naval Operations, Naval Stations and Facilities, U.S. Coast Guard members, and U.S. Navy Histories from World War II. Ask the pupils to identify and list as many different types of sources they can find in the collection, e.g. The New Deal and World War II (1933-1945) The Civil Rights and Black Power Movements (1946-1975) The Contemporary Era (1976-2000) . The collection is divided into three modules: Personal Experiences, Propaganda and Recruitment, and Visual Perspectives and Narratives. Read more. Catalogs were published which list the titles of manuscripts by topical subject compiled as part of the Foreign Military Studies Program after World War II. Eager to win the war, the scientists involved committed a lot of inhumane crimes like vivisection to Chinese, Korean, Russian, and Mongolian prisoners of war, and used the data gained to harm many Chinese civilians. [Source: Oral history dated 25 Jan. 1994, provided courtesy of the Historian, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery] [Photo: U.S. Navy Nurses in the Pacific Theater during World War II] Were you born in Pennsylvania? The publications included also cover medical issues specific to women such as . Shrapnel and machine gun fire destroyed men's flesh and left behind some of the worst injuries ever seen. HUNT MFILM-3 Collection of 19th and early 20th century books, pamphlets, lectures, reports and periodicals (e. g. Birth Control Review, 1917-1940, the Malthusian, 1879-1921) dealing with women's education and participation in science, mathematics, medicine, midwifery, home health care and personal health. Civil War Battlefield Medicine; Hundred Years War; World War II Timeline; History Lesson Plans-Grades 1 thru 12 . Germany: National Socialism and World War II. Gale databases support the study of history in the classroom by providing access to full-text articles, peer-reviewed articles, and documents from must-read historical journals and more history resources. With the exception of primary sources, all content on this World War . Primary sources can be contemporary sources created at the time when the event occurred (e.g., letters and newspaper articles) or later (e.g., memoirs and oral history interviews). Civil War Medical Care. It was held in 1946-1947 and involved 23 defendants accused of organizing and participating in war crimes and crimes against humanity in the form of harmful or fatal medical experiments and other medical procedures inflicted on both civilians and prisoners of war." Particularly strong in education, psychology, American history, sociology, religion, and science and technology. La Paix de Versailles; Conditions of the Treaty of Versailles, in French. . Shellshock is a medical term first associated with the First World War. Circa 10,000 books and 50,000 journal articles with 19th century imprints. A primary source tells a person's ideas in his or her own words. Off campus access instructions (for e-books) The African American Experience During World War II by Neil Wynn Washington Conferences (1921 - 1922) The Geneva Protocol of 1925. After the war, advances came rapidly, with the initial emphasis on the correction or amelioration of congenital defects. the Medical Case (U.S.A. v. Karl Brandt et al., also known as the Doctors' Trial). During World War II (1939-1945), the Battle of Normandy, which lasted from June 1944 to August 1944, resulted in the Allied liberation of Western Europe from Nazi Germany's control. . Department of History 106 Dulles Hall 230 Annie & John Glenn Avenue Trenches were inherently unhealthy environments. Yellin, Emily. July, 1942: United We Stand This is a companion web site for a Smithsonian Institution temporary exhibit that ran through October 2002. Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century Germany. There are three types of sources: 1) Primary Sources Original materials that provide direct evidence or first-hand testimony concerning a topic or event. Australia's proximity to the war in the Pacific forced us to question our relationships with the rest of the world. The diaries, notebooks, and address books of John Joseph Pershing (1860-1948), U.S. army officer and commander-in-chief of the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I, are part of a larger collection of Pershing papers available for research use onsite in the . In October of 1939 Gerhard Domagk sat in a Gestapo jail. History : Military: Primary Sources -- WWII. The origins of World War II (1939-1945) in Europe can be traced back to the end of World War I (1914-1918). For example, let's say you are writing a paper about the battle of Normandy (D-Day) in World War II: Examples of secondary sources would include: By 1939, when Domagk was in Gestapo detention, it was used worldwide. At the start of WWII there were approximately 8700 active nurses in the service. Poisons were secretly given to experimental subjects through there food. Agreement Between the Governments of the United Kingdom, the United States of America, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and the Provisional Government of the French Republic on Certain Additional Requirements to be Imposed on Germany; September 20, 1945. Experts in orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery and physiotherapy were assigned to the hospital. They developed temperatures of 104, vomited blood, and died. Click the title for location and availability information. Secondary sources include scholarly journals articles, books, and class lectures. Contains 35 digital collections focused on a wide variety of topics and regions, including the Civil War, Westward Expansion, the Cold War and the Vietnam War. Although Europe greatly wanted to avoid another . World War One was the first conflict where the number of deaths from wounds outstripped those from disease. I think it was built about 1905. When psychiatrists were perceived to be able to contribute to the primary goal of all army medical . LIFE Magazine Article - 1945. Make sure you are at the Esearch "Advanced" search screen. In this case, it would be a document that was produced during World War II. This is the old family homestead. The Nazi regime and the Holocaust confronted medical providers with countless ethical dilemmas and posed extreme challenges to their ability to treat patients. Sulfa drugs, discovered in 1935, and penicillin, developed in 1939, have led the way to the obvious world-wide benefit we have today from any number of effective antibiotics. From the General Records of the Department of State. I nternational in focus, the archive intends to present in one location primary documents concerning the Great War. Britain did not fight alone, the war also involved many countries. The most common injuries were caused by shells and bullets, and a casualty was evacuated through a similarly-organised chain of medical posts, dressing stations and hospitals. World War II saw the expanded use of antibiotics as a very significant advance. During the war labor union membership rose between 1941 and 1945 by over 50 percent. Six Army nurses were killed and four were wounded (Tomblin 63). For additional select images of WWII, see: Weindling P. Nazi Medicine and the Nuremberg Trials: From Medical War Crimes to Informed Consent. About 100,000 digitized documents. The military experience in World War I profoundly shaped the medicine practiced on the battlefield. Source 3. African Americans in the Military - Subject Files of Judge William Hastie, Civilian Aide to the Secretary . Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb. Diplomatic documents relating to the outbreak of the European war ; Correspondences and primary sources at the outbreak of the war. medical army forms, photographs, medical reports, war diaries . "This collection focuses on The Decision to Drop the Atomic Bomb. Cultivating Victory: The Women's Land Army and the Victory Garden Movement Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2013. Part 2 includes sources which focus more specifically on the nature of trench warfare, but also documents relating to the experience of women at the front and further sources covering injuries and. 3 Overcrowding with poor sanitation led to diarrheal . More Soviet soldiers died in the five-month battle than Americans in the entire war. The experience of a battle casualty in the Second World War was not radically different to that of the First World War. Databases. In the top box, type in a words or phrases that describe your topic. Much of the upheaval, conflict and suffering of the 20th century can be traced back to World War I. . Our collection of primary sources, documentary material, online books and reviews offers a window into the past for students and scholars of history. Additional accounts from scientists, reporters, and soldiers, among other primary sources, describe the development of the bomb and the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Analyzing a Writing Assignment by a Teenage Refugee in New York During World War II teaching activity; Primary sources related to the Holocaust; Primary sources related to refugees and immigration during WWII; Telegram from Passengers on the Ship Quanza to Eleanor Roosevelt, 9/10/1940. Prior to antibiotics, infectious disease was the leading cause of death worldwide. Gale Primary Sources brings the thoughts, words, and actions of past centuries into the present for a comprehensive research experience. Sabrina Carter's List: World War II Medicine Primary Sources . 12 Volumes. Memoirs and oral history interviews of survivors, liberators, or other eyewitnesses are also considered primary sources, but because these documents were usually created well after the event they may be viewed with skepticism by some researchers. The scientific and technological legacies of World War II became a double-edged sword that helped usher in a modern way of living for postwar Americans, while also launching the conflicts of the Cold War. Almost a million Australians served during World War II from 1939 to 1945. Mexican labor and World War II: Braceros in the Pacific Northwest, 1942-1947 Austin: University of Texas Press, 1990. Photo by Vince Crawley. Chronological History of Germany. World War II was total war - every person, every business, every service was involved. To Medical Services In The Second World War. Start with a survey of the type of sources in this collection. World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. . Agreement Between the United Kingdom and the Union of . It needed the stimulus of a world war to show that hand wounds are best treated by segregation and care in specially established centers. Unit 731 was a secret Biological and Chemical Warfare Unit that Imperial Japan had established during the World War II. Documents relating to law, history, and diplomacy. General Sources All Hands 1922-2011. When looking at wartime technology that gained commercial value after World War II, it is impossible to ignore the small, palm-sized device . Consists of facsimiles of primary source documents available at the National Archives and Records Administration in Washington, DC, regarding the . The ubiquitous bandage packs given to soldiers in the war years were coated in it. EuroDocs: Online Sources for European History, American Legion Digital Archive . The United States Navy in WWII: Primary Source Documents. Oct 31, 10 Contains approximately 2000 documents and images relating to the Native American population of the Southeastern United States. American Women and World War II by Doris Weatherford. I was born in this house. Select a topic for an overview and any primary or secondary sources listed. It includes documents totaling almost 600 pages, covering the years 1945-1964." Post-World War II (1947-50) One year after the end of World War II, there were only about 8,500 nurses remaining in the Army Nurse Corps. Germany in Late Antiquity. Eva Mozes Kor, survivor of the Auschwitz concentration camp and Josef Mengele's "twin experiments," talked to doctors, scientists, and other health care providers Dec. 5 about medical ethics and . Germany: National Socialism and World War II. It took until mid-1954 before rationing finally ended. Secondary sources usually have bibliographies of primary sources, a formal writing style, and a critical approach. More than 70% were killed by this. This is a representative sampling of photographs from World War II that can be found in the holdings of the National Archives and Records Administration. She wrote this letter to her beloved husband David as he fought during World War 2. WWII nurses had to be between the ages of 21 and 40, with no children under 14. "Japanese doctors said that those who had been killed by the blast itself died instantly. Diaries are not reviewed by other 'expert' diarists before publication, so they are not scholarly. This month, three quarters of a century ago, the most famous battle of the Second World War began. The Nazi regime and the Holocaust confronted medical providers with countless ethical dilemmas and posed extreme challenges to their ability to treat patients. The primary sources in this collection demonstrate . It was finally swept aside in World War II by the remarkable record of Dwight Harken, who removed 134 missiles from the chest13 in the heart chamberswithout the loss of one patient. Learn how to interpret primary sources, use our collection and more . World War I: Above and Beyond the Battlefield. World War I Clockwise from the top: The road to Bapaume in the aftermath of the Battle of the Somme, 1916 British Mark V tanks crossing the Hindenburg Line, 1918 HMS Irresistible sinking after hitting a mine in the Dardanelles, 1915 A British Vickers machine gun crew wearing gas masks during the Battle of the Somme, 1916 German Albatros D.III biplane fighters near Douai, France, 1917 Date 28 . Of use to medical historians, it includes hospital records, medical reports and first-hand accounts which illustrate how warfare has shaped medical practice.